• br Mechanisms for regulation of intracellular cholesterol ho

  2023-10-30

  

  Mechanisms for regulation of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis Cells maintain intracellular free cholesterol levels and distribution within stringent tolerances by several mechanisms [55]: (1) uptake of native LDL (the major extracellular carrier of cholesterol) by LDL receptors and modified

• br Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling in retina of oxyg

  2023-10-30

  

  Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling in retina of oxygen-induced retinopathy Current therapeutic development of ROP focuses on directly targeting VEGF and HIF-1α signaling pathway (Cavallaro et al., 2014, Penn et al., 2008, Mintz-Hittner et al., 2011, Hartnett and Penn, 2012). However, cellula

• br Actin cytoskeleton in protrusion Pushing force driving

  2023-10-30

  

  Actin cytoskeleton in protrusion Pushing force driving membrane protrusion is generated by polymerizing lp-pla2 filaments organized either into branched networks or parallel bundles. Branched networks are assembled through Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin nucleation and drive protrusion of lamelli

• br Conclusions The following are the

  2023-10-30

  

  Conclusions The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Author contributions Conflict of interest Funding sources This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research [grant: MOP-79470]. Introduction Sperm cells undergo a number of physical and

• br Conflict of interest br Financial support

  2023-10-30

  

  Conflict of interest Financial support Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Japanese Millennium project. We thank all members of the Center for Genomic Medicine of RIKEN and Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. for supporting this study. We are also grateful to members of the Hiros

• It has been reported that leukotrienes

  2023-10-30

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote Kobe0065 mg injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However, differential ef

• MafB a member of the Maf

  2023-10-30

  

  MafB, a member of the Maf protein family, is essential for terminal differentiation of macrophages (Kelly et al., 2000). The phagocytic activity of polystyrene beads was found to be enhanced in aldehyde dehydrogenase with exogenous expression of MafB (Tillmanns et al., 2007). However, in alveolar m

• br The role of LOX plays in autophagy Autophagy

  2023-10-30

  

  The role of 12/15-LOX plays in autophagy Autophagy is a process by which cellular material is delivered to lysosomal to degrade the damaged organelles and proteins to facilitate nutrient recycling (Towers and Thorburn, 2016). There has been characterized three types of autophagy-macroautophagy, m

• Co is an essential element for life in minute

  2023-10-30

  

  Co is an essential element for life in minute amounts [5]. The human adult contains about 1.1mg Co with the daily requirement of 0.1μg/day. Co is a component of vitamin B12. Co induces erythropoietin and blocks iodine uptake by the thyroid, controls the transfer of enzymes like homocysteine methyltr

• Mitochondria are key organelles involved in the mechanism of

  2023-10-30

  

  Mitochondria are key organelles involved in the mechanism of apoptosis (Xiong et al., 2014), and loss of ΔΨm is an important marker associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. We found that Mino induced ΔΨm impairment and nuclear fragmentation in Jurkat CO-1686 in a concentration-depe

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by

  2023-10-27

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” ANR-09-CESA-006 program, the Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses, Project n° 2012-2-077) and the Interdisciplinary Program “Longévité et Viei

• The advantage of active immunotherapy is long term

  2023-10-27

  

  The advantage of active immunotherapy is long-term antibody production from short-term drug administration at limited cost. Conversely, immune response may be inconsistent or lacking, especially in older individuals, and adverse reactions—if immunologically based—may also be long-lasting. Initial ex

• Because of the critical roles played

  2023-10-27

  

  Because of the critical roles played by AMPK in energy sensing and cancer cell survival, a huge number of drugs have been proposed to exert their pharmacological effects by means of AMPK activation (Kim and He, 2013). For example, metformin has been shown to activate AMPK in muscle (Sajan et al., 20

• A candidate protein for the regulation

  2023-10-27

  

  A candidate protein for the regulation of AMPAR transport is CaMKII, a Ca2+-dependent kinase with diverse cellular functions. With respect to synaptic transmission, CaMKII is recognized as a key synaptic protein that is required to modify the number of synaptic AMPARs in response to LTP and LTD stim

• br Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by spontaneous

  2023-10-27

  

  Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures and represents one of the most frequent neurological diseases affecting about 60 million people worldwide (McNamara, 1999). It is estimated that up to 50% of all cases are triggered by “initial precipitating injuries”, such

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