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In general there are mainly
2020-07-27

In general, there are mainly three well-known hypotheses to explain the biological mechanism underlying DRE: the transporter hypotheses, the chemical structure modification of the drug hypothesis and alteration of drug targets hypotheses. Multidrug transporters are supposed to result in AEDs resista
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br Origin of vertebrate CXC chemokine
2020-07-27

Origin of vertebrate CXC chemokine receptors The N,N-Dimethylsphingosine of the vertebrate CXC chemokines and receptors has not been resolved. Based on the evolution of the immune system and central nervous system, Huising et al. proposed that primordial CXC chemokines and receptors developed fi
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Many studies have used paradigms based
2020-07-27

Many studies have used paradigms based on animal models to understand human emotional behavior because it appears to be correlated with fear- and anxiety-related defensive patterns in non-human mammals (Blanchard et al., 2001). In this case, defensive reactions are used to study the neural substrate
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br Space beyond low Earth orbit Space is
2020-07-27

Space beyond low Earth orbit Space is a harsh environment for any electronic system, but not all parts of space are equally hostile to electronics. For this reason, it is extremely important to be aware of the sik inhibitor environment present in the orbit into which a satellite is launched. For
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br Authors contributions br Acknowledgements br Introduction
2020-07-25

Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic SL 0101-1 is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by oxidation of al
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Henderson et al reported that
2020-07-25

Henderson et al. [20] reported that allergen-induced airway remodeling was blocked by the CysLT1 receptor antagonist montelukast. The development of epithelial thickening and mucus accumulation at relatively small bronchi was also suppressed by montelukast. The CysLT2 receptor antagonist BayCysLT2RA
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Programmed cell death via apoptosis is associated with a
2020-07-25

Programmed cell death via apoptosis is associated with a series of morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell shrinkage, the rapid increase of intracellular calcium, nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Known as a shared feature of most ap
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br Introduction Ewing s sarcoma ES is a mesenchymal
2020-07-25

Introduction Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is a mesenchymal tumor characterized by small, round, blue cells, and is poorly differentiated and highly malignant [1]. While ES typically arises in bone and soft tissue, rare primary extraosseous manifestations of ES have been reported throughout the body [2].
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As CP is a crucial
2020-07-25

As CP110 is a crucial player in centriole duplication, it is intriguing to ask whether centriole duplication would also be affected in the absence of the CP110-stabilizing effects of USP33. Li et al.[4] found that USP33 depletion did not inhibit normal centriole duplication through loss of centriole
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Significantly less is known about regulation
2020-07-25

Significantly less is known about regulation of phytocystatin gene expression. A genomic clone corresponding to the barley cystatin Icy gene has been characterized (Gaddour et al., 2001) and the function of its promoter region has been analysed by Martínez et al. (2005b). Bioinformatic analysis of t
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In summary in the present study we found
2020-07-25

In summary, in the present study we found that CysLT1 receptor attenuates while CysLT2 receptor facilitates OGD-induced PC12 cell death as confirmed by receptor over-expression and antagonism. However, we cannot explain why their roles are distinct and why the cell size is increased in the CysLT2 re
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Next to organophosphates carbamates and metals cholinesteras
2020-07-24

Next to organophosphates, carbamates and metals, cholinesterase activity can also be affected by other pesticides, such as newer generation neonicotinoid insecticides (NN). NNs do not inhibit AChE activity via the organophosphate-sensitive binding site of the enzyme, but rather, by acting as a struc
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kd025 Renal injury by cisplatin has been associated with oxi
2020-07-24

Renal injury by cisplatin has been associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis (Francescato et al., 2007, Iseri et al., 2007, Kiymaz et al., 2008, Ueki et al., 2012). Specifically, apoptosis is an important mode of cell death in cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and many studies including
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The RING domain was previously considered sufficient to conf
2020-07-24

The RING domain was previously considered sufficient to confer ubiquitination by RING-type E3 ligases. However, recent reports have shown that sequences closest to the RING domain are also important in E3 ligase function. Residues like Tyr193 in RNF4 [40], Phe296 and Arg294 in BIRC7 [31], and Lys65
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Our results on the acute effects
2020-07-24

Our results on the acute effects of THC on resting state HTH-01-015 function are in line with previous neuroimaging findings. Increased perfusion after THC administration in insular and prefrontal regions has previously been reported in smaller samples (Mathew et al., 1997, Mathew et al., 2002, van
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